2022/2023 WAEC/NECO Answers: 2022 Gce Waec Biology

G(1a)
Tabulate
VERTEBRAE    | LOCATION
(i) cervical | neck region
(ii) Thoracic| chest region
(iii) Lumbar | upper abdomen
(iv) sacral  | lower abdomen
(v) caudal   | tail region

(1b)
(i) Palisade: It serves as site for photosynthesis
(ii) Vascular bundle: This transport substances to various parts of the plant
(iii) Epidermis: It Protects against water loss

(1c)
(i) Sieve tube: A means for transporting sugar in the plant
(ii) Cortex: for storage of food
(iii) Pith: stores and transports nutrients throughout the plant

(1di) EXTERNAL FEATURES:
Stem:
(i) Presence of leaves
(ii) Possession of lowers

Root:
(i) Absence of leaves
(i) Absence of flowers

(1dii) INTERNAL FEATURES:
Stem:
(i) Possession of phloem
(ii) Presence of pith

Root:
(i) Possession of xylem
(ii) Absence of pith

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(2a)
(i)Muscular contractions
(ii)Villi and microvilli
(iii)Digestive Enzymes

(2b)
Plants have both chloroplasts and mitochondria and they are convert to starch immediately for storage. The former makes the sugar and the latter turns it into ATP. In other words is the process by which plants use light energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into sugars.

(2ci)
 Euglena: use their chloroplasts to produce nutrients through photosynthesis. It is a dual organism as it can act both as an autotroph (make its own food) and heterotroph (feed on other substances).

(2cii)
Spirogyra: Longata performs photosynthesis to receive its nutrients. This alga contains special cells called stomata that open and close so the organism can take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen during the chemical reaction in photosynthesis

(2d)
(i)Salinity
(ii)Fresh water
(iii)Tidal Influence

(2e)
Tabulate
-Under Aquatic Habitat-
(i)they live in water
(ii)they respirate through gills or skin
(iii)they have stream line body
-Under Terrestrial Habitat-
(i)they live on land
(ii)they respirate through lungs
(iii)they have muscle and are more stronger to locomote



(3ai)
(i) Illegal falling of trees
(ii) Bush burning
(iii) Lack of public awareness
(iv) Inadequate legislation and monitoring
(v) Illegal mining by unscrupulous individual

(3aii)
(i) Establishment of forestry departments;
(ii) Establishment of Environment Protection Agency to improve the natural conservation
(iii) Creation of Parks and Games Reserves
(iv) Conservation education should be carried out through tree planting to campaign against bush burning, tree felling  or poaching
(v) Establishment of zoological gardens for preserving endangered species.

(3b)
An endangered species is a species of animal or plant that is seriously at risk of extinction. This extinction is usually as a result of human activity.

(3ci)
Blood group genotype of the child is = A

(3cii)
Blood group genotype of the father is = AO, OO, AO, OO

(3d)
(i) It helps to improve crop yield
(ii) It helps in production new varities of crops
(iii) It helps in studying the plant diseases and ways of controlling them.

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(5a)
Tabulate,Mode of feeding, features,

(i)Adult mosquito
-Mode Of feeding-
(i)They feed on algae, plankton, fungi and bacteria and other microorganisms In other microorganisms words Externally, the most obvious feeding structure of the Adult mosquito is the proboscis.
-Feature of mouthpart that adapts organism to mode of feeding-
(i)are very specialized, particularly those of the females, which in most species are adapted to piercing skin and then sucking blood.

(ii)Weevil
-Mode of feeding-
(i)they feed either on a single plant species or on closely related ones. In other words  Adult weevils tend to be less-specialized in their feeding habits
-Feature of mouthpart that adapts organism to mode of feeding-
(i)consisting of two opposing mandibles, which are used to remove leaf sections or entire leaves. In other words it demonstrate on them to use phloem sap as their exclusive food source. ... Leaf-feeding beetles (Order Coleoptera) possess “chewing”

(iii)Cockroach
-mode of feeding-
(i)they have adopted themselves to all types and sizes of diet. To handle the various types of food all the appendages of cockroach act synchro­nously.
-Feature of mouthpart that adapts organism to mode of feeding-
(i)The mouth parts are composed of paired appendages like mandibles and maxillae and unpaired structures like labi­um, hypo-pharynx and labrum

(5b)
(i)Mouth and Buccal Chamber
(ii)Pharynx
(iii)Oesophagus
(iv)Gizzard
(v)Stomach

(5c)
(i) Manure spreading
(ii) Fertilizing
(iii) Pesticides
(iv) Animal dungs
(v) Sewage

(5d)
The housefly life cycle closely mirrors that of most insects: a basic cycle that begins with an egg, then develops through a larva phase, a pupa phase, and finally, into an adult. During a warm summer -- optimal conditions for a housefly -- the cycle, from fertilized egg to adult, spans a mere seven to 10 days. After a male housefly chases down and fertilizes a female counterpart, she's ready to lay her eggs. Houseflies are solitary creatures.

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