2020/2021 WAEC/NECO Answers: 2020 neco civic-Edu answers

SECTION A
(Answer TWO Questions From This Section)

(1a) 
Terrorism is the use of violence or of the threat of violence in the pursuit of political, religious, ideological or social objectives

(1b)
(i) Teaching their children about morals and values.
(ii) Provide their children with basic needs
(iii) Provide discipline which is effective and appropriate.
(iv) Develop mutual respect with their children.

(1c)
(i) Teaching morality: Good citizens need to be people who act according to moral principles. Rather than being selfish or trying to deceive each other, they ought to deal in a kind and upright way with each other. Part of a parent’s responsibility is ensuring that they bring up the next generation of citizens properly.

(ii) Teaching social interactions: Being polite, making friends, and reaching out to others are all important things in society. Parents can teach children to be comfortable when socializing from an early age.

(iii) Showing children the ropes: A responsible parent will teach their child how to move in society: how to pay for things in shops and get the correct change, for example, or how to take public transport.

(iv) Encouraging independent thought: Responsible parenthood involves teaching children to respect others’ opinions and to develop their own opinions too. Tolerance of others is a true civic virtue.

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(2a)
Political apathy is a feeling of disinterest in the sense of politics or apathy towards politics.

(2b)
(i) No interest in registration of voters.
(ii) Ignoring electoral activities.
(iii) Showing no interest in protecting the electoral process.
(iv) Showing no political position and ignoring election

(2c)
(i) Bad Governance: The government of Nigeria for instance rules in a bad and carefree manner, their act does not motivate people thereby making people to ignore and nonchalant to political activities.
(ii) Election Rigging: so many citizens belief that no matter the level of security election are going to be rigged either directly or indirectly thereby they see voting as a waste of time and energy.
(iii) Past History of Political Occurrence: Due to the fact that some family members, friends and relatives have been victimized in the process of participating in political issues, because of this experience people decide not to participate in politics.
(iv) Violent Campaign: Sometimes, the way political parties carry out their carry out their campaigns appears too violent and this can lead to lack of interest in politics.

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(3)
(i)Colonial Influence: Most public corporations incorporated in Nigeria during the colonial era are no longer inform since the departure of colonial masters who were the initiators of this public corporation. Some of these public corporations were seized and manipulated by private individuals into their own private businesses.

(ii)Corruption: The effectiveness of the public service has been slowed down by bribery and corruption to the extent that public servants fail to perform their official duties as they look forward to bribery before carrying out their duties.

(iii)Inadequate Training Facilities: The Nigerian public service lacks adequate training facilities for staff improvement of skill. They have to send many of the staff abroad for more training and some of the staff through the medium may not return but settle for their private pursuits there.

(iv) Poor Orientation and Low Salaries: Public servants get poor or no orientations about their jobs. This is coupled with their low salary earnings as peanut which is another reason for shortcomings.

(v)Political Instability: Constant and regular change of top rank office holders in public service brings about constant instability of rules and regulations. This constantly leads to the shortcomings in the public service.

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(6a)
Traffic regulation can be defined as the rules and regulations which guide the behavior or action of road users.

(6b)
(i) Fever
(ii) Fatigue and headache
(iii) Swollen lymph nodes, achy muscles and joint pain
(iv) Skin rash

(i)Fever: The fever, usually one of the first symptoms of HIV, is often accompanied by other mild symptoms, such as fatigue, swollen lymph glands, and a sore throat. At this point the virus is moving into the blood stream and starting to replicate in large numbers. As that happens, your immune system induces an inflammatory reaction.

(ii)Fatigue and headache: The inflammatory response generated by your besieged immune system can cause you to feel tired and lethargic. Sometimes it can make you feel winded while walking or generally feel out of breath. Fatigue can be both an early and later symptom of HIV.

(iii)Swollen lymph nodes, achy muscles and joint pain: Lymph nodes are part of your body’s immune system and protect your blood by getting rid of bacteria and viruses. They tend to get inflamed when there’s an infection. Many of them are located in your armpit, groin and neck which can result in aches and pains in these areas.

(iv)Skin rash: Skin rashes can occur early or late in the course of HIV seroconversion. In some cases the rash can appear similar to boils with itchy, pink breakouts.

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(7a)
Citizenship education is education that provides the background knowledge necessary to create an ongoing stream of new citizens participating and engaging with the creation of a civilized society.

(7b)
(i) Citizenship by Birth: This is for those who were born in Nigeria. Although being born in Nigeria does not automatically confer Nigerian citizenship.
(ii) Citizenship by Descent: This means at least one of the parents of the person is a Nigerian even if the person was born outside of Nigeria
(iii) Citizenship by Registration: This type of citizenship can be obtained by any of the following persons: A foreign child adopted by Nigerian parents.
(iv) Citizenship by Naturalisation: Anyone who is of full age and has lived in Nigeria for at least fifteen years and has intentions to continue residing in Nigeria. Such person must be familiar with the customs and language of Nigeria and must be able to support himself/herself.

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