2024 WAEC GCE SECOND SERIES (NOVEMBER) CIVIC: 2024 WAEC GCE Second Series CIVIC EDUCATION ANSWERS (1966)

(1i)
He founded different newspapers to help propagate nationalism in Nigeria. And Zik group established these newspapers in politically and economically important cities throughout the country to whip up the interest and enthusiasm of the populace as well as the direction of the independence struggle.

(1ii)
He co-founded the National Council of Nigeria and Cameroons (NCNC) which played an active role in the struggle for Nigeria’s independence. And Zik’s opposition to Richards’ constitution of 1946 which sought to increase only by four, African representations on the Legislative Council with the rest being nominated by the Governor.

(1iii)
His opposition to Richard’s constitution led to the promulgation of Macpherson constitution. And He toured the country to raise funds to lead a delegation to London and USA to plead the case of his party for self government for Nigeria.

(1iv)
He gave his support to the general strike in 1945. And He influenced nationalist struggle through the publication of several books e.g. Development of Political parties in Nigeria 1958, Economic reconstruction in Nigeria 1943.

(1v)
As Member of Parliament 1947-1950, he joined others to ensure that Nigeria gain self government. And He joined Nigerian Youth Movement (NYM) with others to open the floodgate for nationalism in Nigeria.

(2a)
responsible parenthood is simply defined as the “will” and ability of parents to respect and do the needs and aspirations of the family and children. In other words It is the ability of a parent to detect the need, happiness and desire of the children and helping them to become responsible and reasonable children.

(2b)
(i) Education: Education is the right of every child. It is one of the responsibility of parents to their children. Education is power, and giving a child a quality education is the greatest gift every parents can give to their children.

(ii) Good Home Training: This covers wide range of character moulding, attitudinal shaping and inculcating of moral ethical and societal value to the children, home/family as the agent of socialization has to inculcate love, respect, friendliness, hospitality as well as national ethnic of discipline to the children.

(iii) Respecting The Child’s Feeling: Some parents have an attitude of talking about their children, especially their unpleasant habits, in front of others.

(iv) Providing For The Household: The parents ought to or suppose to provide shelter, food, cloth, medical care, spiritual care, education and social needs for their family.

(v) Caring: Caring is been kind, helpful and showing that you care about other people. So parents should look after and care for their household in providing what their children needs for their health and protections.

(vi) 'copied from e x a m p l a z a . c o m free' Building Positive Concept In Your Children: It is the role or duty of responsible parents to build self esteem in their children.

(3a)

(i) Dialogue: the opposing communities can meet to map out or work out how to resolve the differences or disputes between them.

(ii) Mediation: the government can set up special panel to mediate between communities in conflict.

(iii) Reconciliation: this is the process of bringing the conflicting parties together for peace talk.

(3b)

(i) Honesty: This is ability of one being honest, truthful, sincere. An honest person do not lie, cheat – therefore, it promotes interpersonal relationship of people with others.

(ii) Kindness: An ability of being kind, friendly, generous, considerate. It brings about good behaviour, charitable and concern about others. It promote interpersonal relationship.

(iii) Tolerance: This is recognizing individual differences in a society, respect the beliefs and practices of other citizens. It cherish the uniqueness of people.

(iv) Caring: This means felling empathy and concern for others. This has to do with time, attention, kindness and being generosity to others needs. Ability of providing others with what they need and what they are willing to have showing interest on the welfare of others. And it promote interpersonal relationship in the society.

(v) Patience: This is an ability to accept delay or trouble calmly. It requires self-control. It does not do quick criticizing, complaining or condemn others instead he seek for peace and solution to 'copied from e x a m p l a z a . c o m free' problems.

(vi) Forgiveness: Is the ability of one or an individual to forgive one another

(5a)
Human Trafficking is the recruitment, transportation, transfer, harboring or receipt of people through force, fraud or deception, with the aim of exploiting them for profit

(5b)
(i) Physical and emotional abuse
(ii) Threats
(iii) Deception

(5c)
(i) Mental trauma: Victims of human trafficking can experience devastating psychological effects during and after their trafficking experience. Many survivors may end up experiencing post-traumatic stress, difficulty in relationships, depression, memory loss, anxiety, fear, guilt, shame, and other severe forms of mental trauma.

(ii) Physical trauma: Many victims also experience physical injuries. Those who have been sexually exploited are often abused by their traffickers and customers. They may be raped, beaten, and subjected to abuse over a long period of time. There is also a higher risk of contracting sexually transmitted diseases, infections, diabetes, cancer, and other illnesses.

(iii) Exploitation and deprivation: The process and act of trafficking usually lead to exploitation of those trafficked. In most cases a large proportion of financial benefits derived from the act is taken by the financiers and agents.

(iv) Insecurity: The operations of organised criminal groups, whose illicit activities often extend beyond trafficking, can have serious implications for national security.

Community service is unpaid work performed by a person or group of people for the benefit and betterment of their community without any form of compensation..

No 6b.

I. Promote political development

ii. Promote peace and unity

iii. Enhancement of security.

iv. Promotion of inter communal/tribal marriage

v.  Promotion of Economic progress...

7a

Government is the system or group of people governing an organized community, generally a state. In the case of its broad associative definition, government normally consists of legislature, executive, and judiciary...

7b

1. Protect the Natural Rights

The primary functions of government are to protect the basic human rights which include right to life, liberty and to possess property. The idea of natural rights is because every person deserves to enjoy these rights. It is assumed that people are born with these rights and that they shouldn’t be taken away from them without their agreement.

If the government takes any of these rights, you have the liberty to take your complaints to court. Hire an attorney to improve your chances of winning the case. Well, the good thing is, there were over 1,268,011 licensed lawyers in 2012 alone. The number can only be higher now. Check the reputation and experience of an attorney before hiring the one for your case.

2. Defend Against External Enemies

War across nations has been a constant condition since the beginning of civilization.

According to the federal laws and constitution, the government has a responsibility to ensure peace within its borders. It should also keep external aggressors at bay.

3. Managing Economic Conditions

The modern government has a duty to fight poverty and improve the 'copied from e x a m p l a z a . c o m free' quality of life of its citizens. In order to achieve this, the government must create a conducive environment for material prosperity and economic growth.

In the United States, economic policy makers leave the decision to private markets. Here individual choice, exchange, and competition are presumed to lead a growing economy. However, even the free markets require state regulations, in the form of consumer protection, enforceable property rights, and health and safety laws to work fairly and efficiently.

4. Redistribution of Income and Resources

Governments should ensure economic pie grows larger to redistribute fruits of prosperity. The government does this by taxing wealthier people and transferring the income to different categories of people who are in need of these services.

Therefore, the modern government can be characterized as welfare states. Therefore, the functions of government are to not only resources from wealthier to poorer individuals. They also redistribute resources from the young to disabled, socially challenged and the aged. Further, the wealthier governments subsidize food, housing, pension, and healthcare to the poor.

5. Provide Public or Utility Goods

Among the many functions of government is to provide public goods. In most cases, these are services that the private sector cannot provide or they can provide in an unfair or inefficient manner. National security is one of 'copied from e x a m p l a z a . c o m free' these services. For example, can the private market offer security services? Yes, the government can outsource military security. The government and wealthy individuals can hire private mercenaries to protect them.

According to historic data, relying on mercenaries to protect populations is a risky affair. Without federal statutes to govern their operations, the mercenaries can turn on the governments that hired them. In the end, the mercenaries can injure or harm the very people they are supposed to protect. Because of this, responsible governments develop state legislation to monopolize national security. The same applies for interstate highways, postal services and clean air. As you’ll note, certain goods are best offered by the federal or state governments.

6. Prevent Any Externality

An externality is an indirect cost or benefit occurring from an activity that impacts your society. In most cases, externalities affect people who are not participants in an event or activity. The impact can either be negative or positive.

For example, factories can produce air pollution that may contaminate city water’s supply or affect the quality of air that people breathe. Positive externalities include where a society and not students benefit more from a learned population. The government must develop and implement state laws and regulations on undesirable externalities. Other than being physical as in the case of pollution, 'copied from e x a m p l a z a . c o m free' externalities can also be aesthetic or psychological. For example, a liquor store located near a school is an externality. The government strives to prevent them via zoning state laws.7a

Government is the system or group of people governing an organized community, generally a state. In the case of its broad associative definition, government normally consists of legislature, executive, and judiciary...