2024 NECO GCE CIVIC: 2025 NECO GCE Civic (Civic Education) Verified Answers (8960)

(1a)

(PICK ANY ONE)

Citizenship refers to the recognition of an individual as a member of a sovereign state, entitling them to enjoy certain rights, privileges, and protections while obligating them to fulfill specific duties and responsibilities toward the state.

OR

Citizenship is the legal status that grants an individual the rights, duties, and responsibilities within a particular country or state. It establishes a relationship between the citizen and the state, providing protection, privileges, and obligations

(1b)

(PICK ANY FOUR)

(i) Provision of security: The government protects its citizens from internal and external threats through law enforcement and the military, ensuring the safety of lives and property. This includes setting up agencies like the Nigerian Army, Police, and Civil Defence Corps.  

(ii) Economic development: The government facilitates infrastructure development, supports industries, and promotes job creation to enhance the standard of living and reduce poverty among its citizens. For instance, the government invests in roads, power supply, and agricultural policies to drive economic growth.  

(iii) Provision of social services: Education, healthcare, and basic amenities like water and electricity are provided by the government to improve the quality of life for citizens. Programs such as Universal Basic Education (UBE) and the 'copied from e x a m p l a z a . c o m free' National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS) are examples of these efforts.  

(iv) Enforcement of laws: The government ensures justice and the rule of law through the judiciary and law enforcement agencies, thereby maintaining a society where fairness prevails. This includes ensuring that no citizen or official operates above the law.  

(v) Protection of fundamental rights: The government ensures that the rights of its citizens, such as freedom of speech, religion, and movement, are protected as stated in the constitution. For instance, citizens can challenge any violation of their rights in court.  

(vi) Maintenance of law and order: Through agencies like the police and judiciary, the government ensures a peaceful and orderly society by preventing and resolving conflicts. This also includes curbing criminal activities and ensuring swift justice for offenders.  

(vii) Economic stability: The government regulates the economy to prevent inflation, unemployment, and other economic challenges by implementing policies through the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) and other economic bodies. Stable economic policies foster a thriving business environment.  

(viii) Environmental protection: It creates policies to protect natural resources and reduce environmental degradation for sustainable development. Agencies like the National Environmental Standards and Regulations Enforcement Agency (NESREA) 'copied from e x a m p l a z a . c o m free' oversee these efforts.

(2a)

(PICK ANY THREE)

(i) Providing the basic needs of their children, such as food, clothing, and shelter.

(ii) Instilling good moral values and discipline.

(iii) Ensuring their children have access to quality education and healthcare.

(iv) Providing emotional support.

(v) Monitoring their children's activities.

(vi) Teaching cultural and societal values.

(vii) Protecting their children from harmful influences and environments.  

(viii) Saving and planning for their children’s future needs, such as higher education or career development.  

(2b)

(PICK ANY FOUR)

(i) Development of future leaders: Responsible parenting nurtures disciplined and educated children who contribute positively to society. These children grow up to occupy leadership positions and influence positive change in their communities.  

(ii) Reduction in social vices: When parents instill good values, children are less likely to engage in crimes or bad behavior. This helps to create a safer and more peaceful society, free from issues such as drug abuse, theft, or violence.  

(iii) Strengthening family ties: Responsible parents create a harmonious and supportive home environment, fostering love, respect, and understanding among family members. This unity contributes to the emotional well-being of every family member.  

(iv) Promotion of 'copied from e x a m p l a z a . c o m free' societal growth: Educated and well-behaved children become productive members of society. Their contributions, whether in academics, entrepreneurship, or skilled labor, significantly enhance societal development and economic stability.  

(v) Reduction in crime rates: Children raised responsibly are less likely to engage in criminal activities. By raising law-abiding citizens, responsible parents indirectly help law enforcement agencies maintain peace and security.  

(vi) Improved academic performance: Responsible parents ensure their children succeed academically by providing support and guidance. They encourage their children to focus on their studies and provide the resources needed to excel in school.  

(vii) Promotion of healthy relationships: Responsible parenting fosters love, respect, and cooperation within families. This creates a foundation for children to build positive and healthy relationships in their personal and professional lives.  

(viii) Building a strong nation: Families with responsible parents contribute to the development of a productive and disciplined society. Such societies are characterized by innovation, social harmony, and national progress.

(3a)

(PICK ANY ONE)

Popular participation is the process through which individuals and groups actively engage in the political, social, and economic activities that shape their communities, ensuring their voices are heard and their interests represented in decision-making.

OR

Popular participation is the active involvement of individuals and groups in the decision-making processes, policies, and activities that affect their lives and their communities, particularly in governance and public affairs.

OR

Popular participation refers to the active involvement of citizens in the political, social, and economic decision-making processes in their society.

(3b)   

(PICK ANY FOUR)

(i) Voter education: Educating citizens on their voting rights and the importance of their votes empowers them to make informed choices during elections. This can be done through campaigns, workshops, and media outreach programs.  

(ii) Freedom of association: Allowing citizens to freely join political parties and social organizations encourages diverse voices in governance. It creates a platform for individuals to unite for common goals and advocate for change collectively.  

(iii) Provision of free and fair elections: Ensuring transparency and fairness in the electoral process builds trust in the system, motivating citizens to 'copied from e x a m p l a z a . c o m free' participate. This includes using technology like electronic voting to reduce malpractice.  

(iv) Inclusion of marginalized groups: Empowering women, youths, and disabled individuals to partake in decision-making processes promotes equality and ensures diverse representation in governance. Special initiatives and quotas can be introduced to encourage their involvement.  

(v) Youth empowerment: Involving young people in leadership roles and decision-making processes prepares them for future responsibilities and taps into their innovative ideas. This can be achieved through mentorship programs and youth-focused policies.  

(vi) Community mobilization: Organizing town hall meetings, rallies, and sensitization programs to engage citizens fosters dialogue and a sense of belonging. It ensures that everyone has a chance to contribute to discussions affecting their community.  

(vii) Access to information: Providing citizens with accurate and timely information about government activities and programs helps them make informed decisions and hold leaders accountable. Transparency can be enhanced through media, social platforms, and public records.  

(viii) Reduction of voter suppression: Eliminating barriers like intimidation, discrimination, or logistical issues during elections ensures that all eligible citizens can participate freely. This may include providing adequate security at polling 'copied from e x a m p l a z a . c o m free' units and simplifying the voting process.

(4a)

(PICK ANY ONE)

Democracy is a system of government in which power is vested in the people, who exercise it directly or indirectly through elected representatives in a free and fair electoral process. It emphasizes participation, equality, and the protection of individual rights and freedoms.

OR

Democracy is a system where power of governance is with the people, though exercised by some individuals elected by the electorate through popular and periodic elections. It guarantees popular participation in political activities and decision.

(4b)

(PICK ANY FOUR)

(i) Rule of Law: This ensures that no one is above the law and that laws are applied equally to all citizens. It guarantees fairness, accountability, and justice in society, preventing abuse of power by any individual or institution.  

(ii) Separation of Powers: Democracy relies on the division of government into three branches which are legislative, executive, and judiciary, to prevent the concentration of power. Each branch operates independently while maintaining checks and balances to promote transparency and accountability.  

(iii) Popular Sovereignty: The power of the government originates from the people, who express their will through voting and other forms of participation. This pillar emphasizes that authority is derived from the consent of the 'copied from e x a m p l a z a . c o m free' governed.  

(iv) Fundamental Human Rights: Democracy upholds and protects individual freedoms such as freedom of speech, religion, and assembly. These rights are enshrined in the constitution and ensure that citizens can live with dignity and equality.  

(v) Free and Fair Elections: Elections provide a platform for citizens to choose their leaders in an unbiased and transparent manner. Regular, credible elections ensure that the government remains accountable to the people.  

(vi) Independent Judiciary: An impartial judiciary guarantees the protection of citizens' rights and the interpretation of laws without undue influence from other branches of government or external forces.

(vii) Civil Society Organizations: These are private non-profit organization formed to promote collectively shared values, interests and objectives that are capable of enhancing the general welfare and development of democratic states.

(viii) Free and independent press: This is the freedom of the media to act as watchdogs of democracy, highlighting democratic deficits, demanding accountability as well as informing, educating and entertaining people without undue censorship for the purpose of good governance in a democracy.

(5a)

(PICK ANY THREE)

(i) Non-governmental  

(ii) Voluntary participation  

(iii) Advocacy for public interest  

(iv) Non-profit orientation  

(v) Accountability and Transparency  

(vi) Grassroots or community-based approach

(vii) Promotion of civic participation

(5b)

(PICK ANY FOUR)

(i) Funding Challenges:  

Many Civil Society Organisations face financial difficulties due to limited access to funding or over-reliance on foreign donors, which can limit their operational capacity and sustainability. This lack of funding affects their ability to execute long-term projects effectively.  

(ii) Government Interference: There is often interference from the government, including restrictive regulations, intimidation, or attempts to control their activities, especially when their work involves criticizing government policies. Such interference stifles their independence and limits their advocacy efforts.  

(iii) Lack of Public Awareness: Many Nigerians are unaware of the role and importance of Civil Society Organisations, which leads to limited public support and engagement in their activities. This hinders their ability to mobilize grassroots participation and achieve their objectives.  

(iv) Corruption and Mismanagement: Some Civil Society Organisations face internal issues such as mismanagement of funds or 'copied from e x a m p l a z a . c o m free' lack of transparency, which tarnishes their credibility and effectiveness. This also discourages donors and partners from supporting their initiatives.  

(v) Political Polarization:

Civil Society Organisations may be accused of being partisan or used as tools by political parties, which undermines their neutrality and mission. This often creates tension and reduces their acceptance by certain segments of society.  

(vi) Security Challenges: Insecurity, such as terrorism, banditry, and kidnappings, especially in conflict zones, hinders Civil Society Organisations' ability to operate effectively in affected areas. This also endangers the lives of their staff and volunteers.  

(vii) Limited Capacity and Expertise:

Some Civil Society Organisations lack the necessary skills, training, and resources to design and implement impactful programs or policies. This reduces their ability to address complex societal issues effectively.  

(viii) Weak Collaboration and Networking:

There is often poor coordination and collaboration among Civil Society Organisations, which leads to duplication of efforts and inefficiency in achieving common goals. Stronger networks could help amplify their voices and increase their impact.  

(ix) Cultural and Religious Barriers:

Traditional beliefs and religious sensitivities in some communities may oppose the goals or methods of Civil Society 'copied from e x a m p l a z a . c o m free' Organisations, particularly in areas like gender equality and human rights. These barriers make it difficult for Civil Society Organisations to implement programs in such communities.

(6)

(PICK ANY FIVE)

(i) Enhancing Public Awareness: The government should organize nationwide campaigns to educate the public on the dangers of cultism. Awareness programs in schools, religious institutions, and media outlets can emphasize the consequences of cultism, such as violence, loss of lives, and disruption of societal harmony.  

(ii) Strengthening Educational Curricula: Incorporating moral and civic education in school curricula can help instill values of discipline, respect, and good citizenship. Guidance and counseling services in schools should also be improved to address students' emotional and psychological needs, which cult groups often exploit.  

(iii) Providing Youth Empowerment Programs: Unemployment and lack of opportunities drive many youths toward cultism. The government should create skill acquisition programs, entrepreneurship initiatives, and job opportunities to engage young people productively and discourage criminal behavior.  

(iv) Strict Law Enforcement: The government must enact and enforce stricter laws against cult-related activities. Special units in law enforcement agencies should be trained to investigate and dismantle cult groups, while offenders should face swift and fair trials to deter others.  

(v) Promoting Community Policing: Community leaders, law enforcement, and residents should collaborate to identify and prevent cult-related activities. 'copied from e x a m p l a z a . c o m free' Community policing fosters trust and ensures timely reporting of suspicious activities, making it harder for cult groups to operate.  

(vi) Rehabilitation Programs for Ex-Cultists: Ex-cult members should be given opportunities for rehabilitation and reintegration into society. Counseling, education, and vocational training programs can help them rebuild their lives and discourage others from joining cults.  

(vii) Promote Parental and Community Involvement: The government should educate parents and guardians on their roles in monitoring their children’s activities and instilling good moral values. Community leaders should also be empowered to play active roles in curbing cultism.

(viii) Improve School Security: Schools, especially tertiary institutions, should enhance security measures, such as CCTV cameras and well-trained security personnel, to prevent cult activities on campuses.

(ix) Engagement of Civil Society Organizations: Encourage collaboration with Civil Society Organizations to organize workshops, campaigns, and programs focused on curbing cultism. Civil Society Organizations can also serve as watchdogs and advocates for anti-cultism policies.

(x) Provision of Recreational Facilities: Government should invest in recreational centers and sports facilities where youths can channel their energy into positive activities rather than being lured into cultism

(7a)

(PICK ANY ONE)

Human trafficking is the illegal recruitment, transportation, transfer, harbouring, or receipt of persons through force, fraud, coercion, or deception, for the purpose of exploitation, such as forced labour, sexual exploitation, organ harvesting, or servitude. It is a serious violation of human rights and a form of modern-day slavery.

OR

Human trafficking is the illegal trade of humans for the purposes of forced labour, sexual slavery, or commercial sexual exploitation.

 OR

Human trafficking is a severe crime and human rights violation that involves the recruitment, transportation, transfer, harbouring, or receipt of individuals through force, fraud, or coercion for the purpose of exploitation.

(7b)

(PICK ANY FOUR)

(i) Poverty:  Many families struggle to meet basic needs and view opportunities abroad as a way out of their economic difficulties. Traffickers exploit this desperation, offering promises of employment or better living conditions, which often lead victims into forced labor or exploitation.

(ii) Lack of Education and Awareness: Limited access to education leaves many individuals vulnerable to deception. Uneducated individuals are often unaware of the dangers of trafficking and may not recognize fraudulent offers of jobs or scholarships. A lack of awareness campaigns also means many communities do 'copied from e x a m p l a z a . c o m free' not understand the risks or how to prevent trafficking.

(iii) Unemployment and Economic Instability: High unemployment rates, especially among young people, push many to seek opportunities elsewhere, even through irregular migration channels. Traffickers prey on these individuals by promising them lucrative jobs in other countries, which often turn out to be exploitative.

(iv) Corruption: Corruption within government and law enforcement agencies can enable traffickers to operate with impunity. Bribery and lack of enforcement allow human traffickers to continue their activities undisturbed.

(v) Cultural Practices: Harmful traditional practices, such as child fostering or early marriages, can sometimes lead to trafficking. In some communities, children are sent to live with relatives or strangers under the guise of seeking better opportunities, but this can lead to exploitation, forced labor, or sexual abuse.

(vi) Weak Law Enforcement: Ineffective implementation of anti-trafficking laws and corruption within law enforcement agencies enable traffickers to operate freely. Victims are often unable to seek justice due to the lack of adequate protection mechanisms or the involvement of officials.

(vii) Demand for Cheap Labour and Sexual Exploitation: The global demand for cheap labor and commercial sex fuels trafficking networks. Victims from Nigeria are often transported to other countries to meet 'copied from e x a m p l a z a . c o m free' these demands, creating a lucrative business for traffickers.

(viii) Conflict and Displacement: Ongoing insurgencies, like Boko Haram in the northeast, have led to massive displacement. Vulnerable populations, particularly women and children, are at high risk of being trafficked by armed groups or criminal networks.

(8)

(PICK ANY FIVE)

(i) Voter Education Campaigns: Organize community-based workshops and awareness programs to educate citizens about the importance of voting, understanding political systems, and how their participation can shape the future of the country.

(ii) Engaging Youth: Promote political engagement through youth organizations, school programs, and digital platforms. Encourage the younger generation to understand their role in the democratic process and participate actively.

(iii) Increased Transparency: Advocate for greater transparency in government operations. Citizens are more likely to engage when they see that their leaders are accountable and responsive to their needs.

(iv) Strengthening Local Governance: Encourage greater involvement in local government activities, such as town hall meetings or local elections, where people can more easily see the direct impact of their involvement.

(v) Promote Role Models: Highlight political leaders and activists who are making positive changes within the community, serving as role models for others and inspiring them to be more politically active.

(vi) Accessibility to Information: Improve access to political information by using community centers, radio stations, social media, and community newsletters to share information about political events, policies, and issues.

(vii) Civil 'copied from e x a m p l a z a . c o m free' Society Partnerships: Collaborate with non-governmental organizations (NGOs), community leaders, and other civil society groups to create platforms for political dialogue, allowing citizens to voice their concerns and learn how they can get involved.

(viii) Reward Active Participation: Recognize and reward individuals and groups who are actively engaged in promoting civic responsibility and political participation. This could be through community recognition programs or public appreciation.