2024 NABTEB GCE GEOGRAPHY: NABTEB GCE Geography Practical 2025 Legit Answers (2880)

(2ai)

Dissected Plateau: This is a type of plateau that has been heavily eroded over time by rivers, streams, and other natural processes, resulting in a rugged and uneven terrain. Originally, it would have been a flat and elevated area, but the actions of water have created numerous valleys and ridges. The terrain now shows a series of hills and valleys, with steep slopes and irregular surfaces. Dissected plateaus are common in areas of tectonic uplift where erosion has had a long time to act.

(2aii)

Erosional Plain: An erosional plain, also known as a peneplain, forms through the long-term process of erosion that gradually wears down the land to a nearly level surface. This type of plain is created when elevated areas like mountains or plateaus are eroded over millions of years, resulting in a smooth, flat, or gently undulating landscape. Erosional plains are often found in ancient, stable regions and are marked by minimal relief and low elevation, showing that they have been shaped by extensive weathering and erosion.

(2b)

ADVANTAGES OF LOWLANDS:

(PICK ANY TWO)

(i) Lowlands generally have fertile soil, making them ideal for farming and crop production.

(ii) The flat terrain makes construction easier, supporting urban development and dense settlements.

(iii) Lowlands are favorable for building roads, railways, and other transport networks, facilitating movement and trade.

(iv) 'copied from e x a m p l a z a . c o m free' Rivers and streams often flow through lowlands, providing access to water for agriculture, domestic use, and industry.

(v) Lowlands often experience moderate climates that can support diverse vegetation and wildlife.

DISADVANTAGES OF LOWLANDS:

(PICK ANY TWO)

(i) Lowlands, especially those near rivers or coastal areas, are prone to frequent flooding.

(ii) Poor drainage can lead to waterlogging, which can harm agriculture and infrastructure.

(iii) Lack of elevation makes lowlands more vulnerable to invasion and natural disasters like hurricanes.

(iv) Intensive farming can lead to soil depletion and erosion over time.

(v) Standing water in lowlands can contribute to the spread of waterborne diseases and attract pests like mosquitoes.

(3a)

(PICK ANY FOUR)

(i) Latitude affects climate, as areas closer to the equator are warmer, while regions near the poles are cooler.

(ii) Altitude also plays a role, with higher altitudes being cooler due to thinner air.

(iii) Distance from the sea influences climate, coastal areas experience milder climates, while inland areas tend to have more extreme temperatures.

(iv) Ocean currents impact temperatures, with warm currents raising temperatures and cold currents lowering them in nearby regions.

(v) Prevailing winds bring moisture or dryness, which influences precipitation and temperature.

(vi) Topography affects climate as mountains create rain shadows, making one side wetter and the other side drier.

(3bi)

Thermometer: A thermometer is used to measure temperature. It is usually placed in a shaded area to avoid direct sunlight, and the temperature is recorded at regular intervals (e.g., daily). The scale on the thermometer (Celsius or Fahrenheit) indicates the air temperature, which is an essential element in studying weather and climate patterns.

(3bii)

Rain Gauge: A rain gauge is used to measure precipitation. It collects rainwater in a container, and the amount of rainfall is measured using a graduated scale. The rain gauge is typically placed in an open area to avoid obstructions. This helps in monitoring the intensity and frequency of rainfall, which is vital for understanding 'copied from e x a m p l a z a . c o m free' climate conditions and weather changes.

(4ai)

Granite: Granite is a coarse-grained, light-colored igneous rock composed mainly of quartz, feldspar, and mica. It is hard, durable, and resistant to weathering, making it commonly used in construction.

(4aii)

Limestone: Limestone is a sedimentary rock primarily composed of calcium carbonate, usually derived from the remains of marine organisms. It is typically light-colored, soft, and can easily dissolve in acidic conditions, forming caves and stalactites.

(4aiii)

Graphite: Graphite is a metamorphic rock that consists primarily of carbon in a crystalline form. It is soft, slippery, and a good conductor of electricity, making it useful in pencils and as a lubricant.

(4b)

Igneous rocks form through the cooling and solidification of molten rock material called magma, which originates from the Earth’s mantle or crust. This process begins when high heat and pressure cause the rocks in the mantle to melt, forming magma. The magma then rises toward the Earth’s surface due to its lower density compared to the surrounding solid rock.

When magma cools and solidifies beneath the Earth’s surface, it forms intrusive (plutonic) rocks. These rocks cool slowly, allowing large mineral crystals to form.

If magma reaches the surface and erupts as lava, it cools quickly upon exposure to air or water, forming extrusive (volcanic) rocks.

(5a)

(PICK ANY TWO)

(i) Urban planning

(ii) Environmental management

(iii) Disaster nanagement

(iv) Agriculture

(v) Transportation and logistics

(5b)

(PICK ANY TWO FROM THE ONES YOU PICKED IN 5a)

(i) Urban Planning: GIS helps planners map land use, manage growth, and zone areas effectively by visualizing existing infrastructure and modeling future development. It supports sustainable city planning, infrastructure development, and efficient resource allocation.

(ii) Environmental Management: GIS monitors environmental changes, tracks pollution, and supports conservation by analyzing patterns like deforestation and pollution spread. It aids in policy enforcement, conservation planning, and ecosystem management.

(iii) Disaster Management: GIS assists in predicting, planning, and responding to natural disasters by mapping risk zones and tracking real-time data during events. It enables efficient resource allocation for emergency response and recovery planning.

(iv) Agriculture: GIS optimizes agriculture by mapping soil quality, crop yields, and weather patterns, supporting precision farming. This reduces waste and improves productivity, helping farmers make informed decisions.

(v) Transportation and Logistics: GIS optimizes routes, plans networks, and improves logistics by analyzing spatial data. It reduces costs and enhances 'copied from e x a m p l a z a . c o m free' efficiency across transportation and delivery systems.

(5c)

(PICK ANY THREE)

(i) High cost of GIS technology and equipment

(ii) Lack of skilled personnel and training

(iii) Poor data availability and quality

(iv) Limited government support and funding

(v) Inadequate infrastructure and power supply

(vi) Data privacy and security concerns.

(6ai)

(PICK ANY FOUR)

(i) Land Use and Land Cover

(ii) Weather and Climate

(iii) Ocean and Water Bodies

(iv) Natural Disasters

(v) Vegetation and Forestry

(vi) Soil and Geology

(6aii)

(PICK ANY TWO FROM THE FOUR YOU PICKED ABOVE)

(i) Land Use and Land Cover: Remote sensing can analyze urban development, deforestation, agriculture, and natural habitats, helping to track changes in land use over time.

(ii) Weather and Climate: Satellites gather data on temperature, humidity, cloud cover, and other atmospheric conditions, which help in weather forecasting and climate change studies.

(iii) Ocean and Water Bodies: Remote sensing is used to monitor water quality, track ocean currents, detect algal blooms, and measure sea level changes.

(iv) Natural Disasters: Satellite imagery can detect and assess natural disasters like earthquakes, hurricanes, floods, and wildfires, helping in disaster management and recovery efforts.

(v) Vegetation and Forestry: Remote sensing allows for the monitoring of vegetation health, forest density, and biodiversity, which are crucial for environmental conservation.

(vi) Soil and Geology: By analyzing surface characteristics, remote sensing helps identify mineral deposits, soil types, erosion, and geological structures for natural resource management.

(6b)

(PICK ANY 'copied from e x a m p l a z a . c o m free' FOUR)

(i) Large Area Coverage: It enables data collection over vast and difficult-to-reach areas without the need for direct physical access

(ii) Real-Time Data Acquisition: It provides immediate or near-real-time data, which is helpful for monitoring events like natural disasters.

(iii) Non-Destructive: It collects data without disturbing or affecting the environment.

(iv) Multispectral and Multidimensional Data: Remote sensing can capture a wide range of information across different wavelengths.

(v) Cost-Effective: It reduces the need for expensive field surveys and ground trips.

(vi) Continuous Monitoring: It facilitates long-term monitoring of environmental changes or resource management.