2024 NECO GCE GEOGRAPHY: NECO GCE Geography (Geo) Authentic Answer 2025 (2953)

(1a)

(PICK ANY THREE)

(i) Accessible Water Supply: A reliable source of clean water is essential for human survival. A settlement should be located near a river, lake, or underground water source to ensure a steady supply of water for drinking, sanitation, and other domestic uses.

(ii) Fertile Soil: Arable land is necessary for farming and agriculture, which can provide food and income for the settlement's residents. A settlement should be located on fertile soil to support agricultural activities.

(iii) Flat or Gentle Slope: A flat or gently sloping area is ideal for building and construction. It allows for easy movement and transportation, and reduces the risk of landslides and erosion.

(iv) Natural Drainage: A well-drained area is essential to prevent flooding and waterlogging. A settlement should be located in an area with natural drainage, such as a slope or a watercourse.

(v) Mild Climate: A mild climate is essential for human comfort and health. A settlement should be located in an area with moderate temperatures, adequate rainfall, and minimal extreme weather events.

(vi) Defensible Position: A defensible position is essential for the safety and security of the settlement's residents. A settlement should be located in an area that provides natural protection, such as a hill or a mountain, to prevent attacks and invasions.

(1b)

(PICK ANY 'copied from e x a m p l a z a . c o m free' FOUR)

(i) Rural settlements are typically located in the countryside or remote areas, while urban settlements are located in cities or towns.

(ii) Rural settlements have smaller population sizes and lower population densities compared to urban settlements.

(iii) The main occupation in rural settlements is farming or agriculture, while urban settlements have a diverse range of occupations and economic activities.

(iv) Rural settlements have limited housing and infrastructure options, whereas urban settlements have more developed housing and infrastructure.

(v) Rural settlements tend to have stronger social and cultural ties, while urban settlements are more cosmopolitan and culturally diverse.

(vi) Urban settlements generally have better access to services and amenities like healthcare, education, and transportation.

(vii) Rural settlements are often characterized by natural environments, while urban settlements are dominated by built environments.

(viii) Urban settlements have more developed transportation and communication systems compared to rural settlements.

(ix) The lifestyle and standard of living in rural settlements are generally simpler and more traditional, while urban settlements offer a more modern and fast-paced lifestyle.

(x) Urban settlements provide more economic opportunities and job prospects compared 'copied from e x a m p l a z a . c o m free' to rural settlements.

(2a)

(PICK ANY FOUR)

(i) Facilitating Trade and Commerce:

Transportation plays a crucial role in facilitating trade and commerce by enabling the movement of goods from producers to consumers. This involves the transportation of raw materials, finished goods, and services across different regions and countries. Efficient transportation systems help to reduce transportation costs, increase the speed of delivery, and improve the reliability of supply chains.

(ii) Stimulating Economic Growth:

Transportation stimulates economic growth by creating jobs, attracting investments, and increasing productivity. The transportation sector is a significant employer, providing jobs in areas such as logistics, warehousing, and transportation management. Additionally, investments in transportation infrastructure can attract businesses, stimulate economic growth, and improve the quality of life.

(iii) Enhancing Competitiveness:

Transportation enhances competitiveness by reducing transportation costs, improving delivery times, and increasing the reliability of supply chains. Efficient transportation systems enable businesses to respond quickly to changes in demand, reduce inventory costs, and improve customer satisfaction. This helps businesses to compete more effectively in domestic and international markets.

(iv) Promoting Regional Development:

Transportation promotes regional development by 'copied from e x a m p l a z a . c o m free' connecting regions, facilitating the movement of people, goods, and services, and providing access to natural resources. Transportation infrastructure such as roads, railways, and ports helps to integrate regions, promote economic growth, and reduce poverty.

(v) Supporting Tourism and Social Development:

Transportation supports tourism and social development by providing access to tourist destinations, social services, and economic opportunities. Efficient transportation systems enable tourists to access tourist destinations, contributing to economic growth and development. Additionally, transportation provides access to social services such as healthcare and education, contributing to social development and improving the quality of life.

(vi) Increasing Economic Efficiency:

Transportation increases economic efficiency by reducing transportation costs, improving delivery times, and increasing the reliability of supply chains. Efficient transportation systems enable businesses to optimize their logistics and supply chain operations, reducing costs and improving customer satisfaction. This helps businesses to operate more efficiently, reducing waste and improving productivity.

(2b)

(PICK ANY FOUR)

(i) Rail transportation has low operating costs compared to other modes of transportation.

(ii) Rail transportation is energy-efficient, requiring less energy to move goods and 'copied from e x a m p l a z a . c o m free' people.

(iii) Rail transportation has a high capacity, allowing for the movement of large volumes of goods and people.

(iv) Rail transportation is a safe mode of transportation, with a lower risk of accidents and injuries.

(v) Rail transportation is an environmentally friendly mode of transportation, producing lower greenhouse gas emissions.

(vi) Rail transportation is a reliable mode of transportation, with trains running on fixed schedules and routes.

(vii) Rail transportation helps reduce traffic congestion on roads, making it easier for people and goods to move around.

(3a)

(i) Light Industry: Light industry refers to the production of goods that are not heavy or bulky, and typically require less capital investment and energy to produce. These industries often focus on producing consumer goods and rely on skilled labor and advanced technology. Light industries are typically characterized by low energy consumption, minimal environmental impact, and high labor productivity.

Examples:

-Textile industry

-Food processing industry

(ii) Heavy Industry: Heavy industry refers to the production of goods that are heavy, bulky, or require large amounts of energy and capital investment to produce. These industries often focus on producing capital goods, such as machinery and equipment, and rely on large-scale production and heavy machinery. Heavy industries are typically characterized by high energy consumption, significant environmental impact, and high capital investment.

Examples:

-Steel industry

-Shipbuilding industry

(iii) Consumer Goods Industry: Consumer goods industry refers to the production of goods that are intended for direct consumption by individuals or households. These industries often focus on producing non-durable goods, such as food, clothing, and personal care products, and rely on advanced technology and skilled labor. Consumer goods industries are typically characterized by high demand, rapid product turnover, and intense 'copied from e x a m p l a z a . c o m free' competition.

Examples:

-Electronics industry

-Cosmetics industry

(3b)

(PICK ANY FIVE)

(i) Labour-intensive production

(ii) Limited technological advancement

(iii) Dependence on imported raw materials

(iv) Small-scale production

(v) Limited access to finance

(vi) High transportation costs

(vii) Brain drain and skills shortage

(viii) Vulnerability to global market fluctuations

(4a)

(4b)

(PICK ANY TWO)

(i) Harsh climate

(ii) Limited economic opportunities

(iii) Lack of fertile land

(iv) Inadequate infrastructure

(v) Remote or inaccessible location

(4c)

(PICK ANY THREE)

(i) Increased labour force: A high population density provides a large and diverse labour force, which can attract investors and support economic growth.

(ii) Expanded market size: A large population provides a significant market for goods and services, which can stimulate economic activity and support the growth of industries.

(iii) Improved economies of scale: High population density can lead to improved economies of scale, as businesses can take advantage of a large and concentrated market to reduce costs and increase efficiency.

(iv) Increased innovation and entrepreneurship: High population density can foster innovation and entrepreneurship, as people are more likely to interact, share ideas, and collaborate on new ventures.

(v) Better infrastructure development: High population density can lead to better infrastructure development, as governments and private investors are more likely to invest in roads, public transportation, and other infrastructure to support a large and growing population.

*NECO GCE GEOGRAPHY*

(5a)

(5b)

(PICK ANY THREE)

(i) Job creation for locals.

(ii) Infrastructure development (e.g., roads, schools).

(iii) Boosts local businesses due to increased economic activities

(iv) Revenue generation through taxes and royalties.

(v) Improved social amenities (e.g., water supply, electricity).

(vi) Skills development and training programs.

(vii) Community development projects (e.g., markets, community centers).

(viii) Increased land value in mining areas.

(ix) Provision of health services.

(x) Electricity supply to local communities.

(5c)

(PICK ANY FOUR)

(i) Deforestation and land degradation

(ii) Water pollution

(iii) Soil erosion

(iv) Loss of biodiversity

(v) Air pollution

(vi) Climate change

(vii) Health hazards to humans and animals

*NECO GCE GEOGRAPHY*

(6a)

(6b)

(PICK ANY FOUR)

(i) Availability of raw materials

(ii) Lower cost of land

(iii) Abundant supply of labour

(iv) Reduced transportation costs

(v) Government incentives and subsidies

(vi) Reduced environmental pollution

(vii) Reduced labour costs

(viii) Increased rural development and employment opportunities

(6c)

(i) Primary Industry: Primary industry involves the extraction and production of raw materials from natural resources. This type of industry is typically characterized by the direct use of natural resources, such as land, water, and minerals. Primary industries provide the basic materials that are used in other industries.

Example:

(PICK ONLY ONE)

-Agriculture 

-Forestry 

-Mining 

(ii) Secondary Industry: Secondary industry involves the processing and manufacturing of raw materials into finished goods. This type of industry takes the raw materials produced by primary industries and transforms them into products that can be used by consumers. Secondary industries are often characterized by the use of machinery and technology to manufacture goods.

Example:

(PICK ONLY ONE)

-Textile manufacturing 

-Steel 'copied from e x a m p l a z a . c o m free' production 

-Food processing 

(iii) Tertiary Industry: Tertiary industry involves the provision of services to support economic activity. This type of industry provides essential services that enable businesses and individuals to function efficiently. Tertiary industries are often characterized by the provision of intangible services, such as expertise, knowledge, and advice.

Example:

(PICK ONLY ONE)

-Banking and finance 

-Transportation 

-Tourism