2024 WAEC HEALTH EDUCATION: 2024 WAEC Health Science Question and Answers (5263)

HEALTH SCIENCE OBJ

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11-20: DADBADACCC   

21-30: CCABBCCDAC

31-40: CCDAADCBAB

41-50: CCBDCCCADD

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(7a)

Epidemiology is the study of the distribution and determinants of health-related states or events in specified populations, and the application of this study to the control of health problems.

(7b)

(i) Causative agent: These are microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, parasites and fungi which are directly or indirectly responsible for causing the applicable disease.

(ii) Transmission route: This is the pathway of causative agents from a source to infection of a susceptible host.The characteristic of the transmission route depends mainly on the characteristics of the causative agent  and those of the host. Some micro organisms are restricted to a limited number of transition routes, whereas others can follow many different pathways to infect their hosts eg direct transmission, indirect transmission, air-borne, water-borne, etc.

(iii) Susceptible hosts: This is the last link in the chain of infection. This is the organism that will feel the effects of the infectious disease that has traveled through the chain of infection. After an infectious agent gets inside the body it has to multiply in order to cause the disease. In some hosts, infection leads to the disease developing, but in others it does not. Individuals who are likely to develop a communicable disease after exposure to the infectious agents are called susceptible hosts.

(7c)

In humans, the Vertebral column is made up of individual bones called as vertebrae. Total vertebral column consists of 7 cervical vertebrae, 12 lumbar vertebrae, 5 fused sacral and 3 fused coccygeal vertebrae. Vertebral column runs from the base of the skull to the hip bone forming a tube. Spinal cord passes through this hollow tube.

(7d) 

(PICK ANY THREE)

(i) Age

(ii) Sleep

(iii) Dietary habits

(iv) Nutrition

(v) Physical activity

(vi) General health condition

(vii) Emotional well-being

(7e)

Orthodox medicine can be defined as a system in which medical doctors and other healthcare professionals (such as nurses, pharmacists, and therapists) treat symptoms and diseases using drugs, radiation, or surgery.

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(8a)

Food Nutrients refer to the substances obtained from food and used in the body to promote growth, maintenance, and repair of body tissues. 

(8b)

(i) Fats help to absorb certain vitamins required by our body, i.e. vitamins A, D, E, and K are fat-soluble.

(ii) Proteins are part of important molecules like haemoglobin in blood, antibodies, enzymes and hormones that are very important in our body.

(iii) Vitamins help in protecting the body against diseases and attack by germs.

(iv) Water plays an important role in the process of digestion, absorption, circulation, excretion, etc.

(8c)

(i) Consumer health is a social movement seeking to secure rights and powers of the buyers in relation to seller of goods and services. Thus, consumer's health is condition of health, which is affected by consuming goods and services available in the market.

(ii) Consumer education is the preparation of an individual to be capable of making informed decisions when it comes to purchasing products in a consumer culture.

(8d)

(i) The right to safety

(ii) The right to be informed

(iii) The right to choose

(iv) The right to be heard.

(8e)

(i) Fertility awareness

(ii) Emergency contraception

(iii) Barrier methods - condoms

(iv) Long acting reversible contraception.

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(6a)

Marriage is a legally and socially sanctioned union, usually between a man and a woman called spouses, that is regulated by laws, rules, customs, beliefs, and attitudes that prescribe the rights and duties of the partners and accords status to their offspring if any.

(6b)

(PICK ANY THREE)

(i) For child bearing

(ii) For companionship

(iii) For mutual intimacy

(iv) For legal status and financial security

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(5a)

(PICK ANY TWO)

(i) It prevents excessive bleeding when a blood vessel is injured

(ii) It prevents the entry of bacteria and other pathogens into the body.

(iii) It plays a pivotal role in the repair of blood vessels

(5b)

(i) Salivary glands produces saliva, a digestive juice, which moistens food,to help it move more easily through your esophagus into your stomach. 

(ii) Saliva also has an enzyme that begins to break down starches in your food.

(iii) In the mouth, foods are broken into small particles by mastication

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(4a)

MALES:

(i) Deepening of the voice

(ii) Facial hair

(iii) No breast growth

(iv) No hip growth

(v) Ejaculation 

FEMALES:

(i) No significant change in voice change

(ii) No growth of facial hair

(iii) Breast growth

(iv) Hip growth

(v) Menstruation

(4b)

(i) Both consists of reproductive cells

(ii) Both consists of gonads that produce (sperm and egg or ovum)

(iii) Both organs leads to formation of gametes

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(1a)
Vital statistics is accumulated data gathered on live births, deaths, migration, foetal deaths, marriages and divorces.

(1b)
(i) Numbers and rates of births
(ii) Numbers and rates of deaths
(iii) Characteristics of birth by sex, location and maternal age

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(2)
(i) Upper Limb
(ii) Pectoral girdle
(iii) Lower Limb
(iv) Pelvic girdle


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(3)
Sewage is waste matter such as faeces, urine or dirty water from animals, industrial or domestic sources, that is dissolved or suspended in water; which flows away through sewer.

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