2024 WAEC GCE FIRST SERIES (JANUARY) GOVERNMENT: 2024 WAEC GCE First Series GOVERNMENT QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (2660)

(2)

(i)Public Ownership;

A socialist economy is characterised by public ownership of the means of production and distribution. There is collective ownership whereby all mines, farms, factories, financial institutions are owned, controlled, and regulated by government departments and state corporations. 

(ii) Central Planning;

A socialist economy is centrally planned and functions under the direction of a central planning authority. It lays down the various objectives and targets to be achieved during the plan period. 

(iii) Definite Objectives;

A socialist economy operates within definite socio-economic objectives. These objectives may concern aggregate demand, full employment, the satisfaction of communal demand, allocation of factors of production, distribution of the national income, the amount of capital accumulation, economic development and so forth. 

(iv) Freedom of Consumption;

Under socialism, consumers’ sovereignty implies that production in state-owned industries is generally governed by the preferences of consumers, and the available commodities are distributed to the consumers at fixed prices through state-run department stores. 

(v) Equality of Income Distribution;

In a socialist economy, there is great equality of income distribution as compared with a free market economy. The elimination of private ownership in the means of production, private 'copied from e x a m p l a z a . c o m free' capital accumulation, and profit motive under socialism prevent the amassing of large wealth in the hands of a few rich persons.

5a.

A State agency is an appointed commission, is a permanent or semi-permanent organizations in the machinery of government that is responsible for the oversight and administration of specific functions, such as an administration.

5b.

i. By funding them when necessary.

ii. By listening to their verious suggestions and putting it into consideration.

iii. By Engaging them in the function of the state.

iv. By having public gatherings with them where everyone will have the ability to contribute in any way to the state.

7.

(i) They advice the Government officials on matters that concern the customs and traditions of the people, etc.

(ii) As a custodian of the people’s customs and traditions, they help to preserve the customs and traditions of the people.

(iii) They mobilize people in their community to participate in government at various levels.

(iv) They help to maintain law and order in their communities. They try and punish law offenders and settle disputes etc.

(v) They mobilize their people to engage in community development projects as they act as a link between their community and government by explaining government policies, programs, and projects to the people and report back the feelings of the people, their problems to the government.

(8)

(i)Population:- The population is considered one of the important determinants of foreign policy. For a long time, the population has been regarded as an important criterion for measuring state power.

(ii) History:- Each nation’s history is influenced by its foreign policy. The outline of the history of each nation is formed through the special circumstances of the chips and events. It is possible to identify its identity.

(iii) Public opinion:- All the countries are defined by the opinions that the people hold. The views, which are generally held by Nigerian people, quite often are considered to be the objectives of the nation’s foreign policy.

(iv) Ethnic and religious diversity. The diversity is a good thing because no two people, groups, or nations can be completely the same, and each one can contribute something.

(v) Economic Resources:- The nature and style of foreign policy is largely determined by economic resources. The economic strength of a state is an indicator of its affordability. The effect of that ability is reflected in relations with other states.

(10)

1. The constitution is the grease for the democratic process

It is like a manual that is used to guide how all activities of any government in Nigeria to ensure that it is carried out in a participatory manner, which is the crux of democracy. The constitution makes room for the opinion of the people, (the majority, if not all) to be reflected in the decisions of the Federal Government.

2. Abuse of power is checked with the constitution. It is a proven fact that humans are very likely to abuse power and go about using it to facilitate the fruition of their selfish desires. Many Nigerians believe that if it had not been expressly stated in the constitution that the maximum number of years a political leader can be in office is eight years...

3. It contains laws that which when followed can bring about development in the country

In a system well-ordered by the law, development is not only possible but is also stabilized. Growth is fertilized by order, as the crime rate drops drastically if sanctions and punishments are well served and people know who to call on if a certain aspect of the government is not working Legal practitioners believe that although the 1999 Constitution of the Federal Government of Nigeria needs to be amended again even after the first, second, and third amendments because they did not deal with federalism, the most contradicting part of the constitution.

4. The constitution shows the operational 'copied from e x a m p l a z a . c o m free' frontier or jurisdiction of all the arms of government.

It tells us what is expected of the legislature, for instance, while stating how it should be done and in what instance it needs to be done. Without the constitution, the organs of government will do whatever they like at the expense of the masses.

5. The constitution is very functional to the protection of human rights

The law protects the common man, it is like the mother hen under whose wings, and chicks can take refuge from societal ‘hawks’.

Some of these rights include the right to life, right to privacy, right to personal liberty, right to a fair hearing, right to dignity, right to freedom of expression, and the right to movement within Nigeria